3D design
The design process of 3D printing is: first use computer modeling software to model, and then "partition" the constructed 3D model into layer-by-layer sections, that is, slices, so as to guide the printer to print layer by layer. The standard file format for collaboration between the
design software and the printer is the STL file format. STL files use triangles to approximate the surface of an object. Smaller triangles produce a higher resolution surface. PLY is a scanner that generates 3D files by scanning, and the generated VRML or WRL files are usually used as input files for full-color printing.
Slicing Processing
The printer reads the cross-section information in the file, prints these cross-sections layer by layer with liquid, powder or sheet materials, and then bonds each layer of cross-sections in various ways to create a solid body. The unique feature of this technology is that it can create objects of almost any shape. The resolution of the thickness (I. e., the Z direction) and the planar direction (I. e., the X-Y direction) of the printing section of the
printer is calculated in dpi (pixels per inch) or microns. The typical thickness is 100 microns, or 0.1mm, and some printers such as the ObjetConnex series and the ProJet series of 3D Systems can print a layer as thin as 16 microns. In the planar direction, it can print with a resolution similar to that of a laser printer. Printed "drops" are typically 50 to 100 microns in diameter. Making a model using traditional methods typically takes hours to days, depending on the size and complexity of the model. With 3D printing technology, the time can be reduced to a few hours, of course, depending on the performance of the printer and the size and complexity of the model. Traditional manufacturing techniques such as injection molding can produce polymer products in large quantities at low cost, while 3D printing technology can produce relatively small quantities of products in a faster, more flexible and lower cost manner. Desktop-sized 3D printers can meet the needs of designers or concept development teams to manufacture models. [14]
Printing Finish
The resolution of the 3D printer is sufficient for most applications (it may be rough on a curved surface, like a jagged image). To obtain higher resolution items can be obtained by the following methods: First use the current 3D printer to make slightly larger objects. When production requires a little surface polishing to obtain a "high resolution" product with a smooth surface.
Some technologies can print with multiple materials at the same time. Some technologies also use supports during the printing process. For example, when printing some inverted objects, it is necessary to use something that is easy to remove (such as soluble substances) as a support.